Assessment of heterogeneity according to hospital or medical experience factors in outcomes of chemotherapy for advanced biliary tract cancer: a post-hoc analysis of JCOG1113.

Background: JCOG1113 is a randomized phase III trial that showed non-inferiority of gemcitabine plus S-1 to gemcitabine plus cisplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Assessment of inter-institutional heterogeneity in chemotherapy contributes to confirm generalizability and reliability of the study itself. However, there have been no studies conducted to assess the heterogeneity among participating centers in randomized phase III trials for biliary tract cancer.

Prokaryotic ABCF proteins in overcoming ribosomal stalling: mechanisms, evolution, and perspective for applications in Bio-manufacturing.

ABCF proteins (ABCFs) are key components of prokaryotic translation systems, resolving ribosomal stalling. These ATPases contain two ATPase domains and interdomain linker, the length and composition of which are key determinants of their function. Antibiotic resistance ABCF (ARE-ABCFs) proteins, counteract ribosome-targeting antibiotics by binding to the E site of the 70S ribosome, promoting drug dissociation.

An open-label, randomized, controlled trial on the benefit of β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate, l-arginine, l-glutamine combination beverages and locomotion training as supportive care for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma using lenvatinib: A pilot study (HELLO study).

Introduction: Hand-foot-skin reaction (HFSR) is the most common side effect of multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). Sarcopenia has been reported to be a poor prognostic factor for HCC. Here, we performed a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the efficacy of a β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate/l-arginine/l-glutamine (HMB/Arg/Gln) beverage and locomotion training as supportive care in the treatment of uHCC with lenvatinib.

Dendritic cell maturation is induced by p53-armed oncolytic adenovirus via tumor-derived exosomes enhancing systemic antitumor immunity.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in cancer immunity, because they activate cytotoxic T cells by presenting tumor antigens. Recently, oncolytic virus therapy has been recognized as a systemic immune stimulator. We previously developed a telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus (OBP-301) and a p53-armed OBP-301 (OBP-702), demonstrating that these viruses strongly activate systemic antitumor immunity.