Second-line therapies in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma following first-line atezolizumab and bevacizumab: multicenter single institution cohort experience.

Background: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (A/B) received FDA approval as the first-line therapy for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 2020. However, optimal subsequent treatment options are unclear. Here, we describe clinical outcomes of advanced HCC patients following first-line treatment with A/B.

Phase transition kinetics of superionic HO ice phases revealed by Megahertz X-ray free-electron laser-heating experiments.

HO transforms to two forms of superionic (SI) ice at high pressures and temperatures, which contain highly mobile protons within a solid oxygen sublattice. Yet the stability field of both phases remains debated. Here, we present the results of an ultrafast X-ray heating study utilizing MHz pulse trains produced by the European X-ray Free Electron Laser to create high temperature states of HO, which were probed using X-ray diffraction during dynamic cooling.

Reducing Cancer Drug Cost: 3-Year Analysis of Automated Dose Rounding in Electronic Health Records.

Purpose: Globally, cancer drug expenditure exceeds $185 in US dollars (USD) billion, with the United States contributing $75 (USD) billion. Many cancer drug doses are calculated on the basis of body weight or body surface area, which often results in leftover drug in partially used single-dose vials (SDVs). The cost of wasted drug is a huge financial burden on the US health care system.