Prognostic roles of hematological indicators in programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors for small-cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer death in the world, with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounting for about 10-15% of all lung cancers. Although programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors represent a major breakthrough in SCLC treatment, only a minority of patients will benefit and there is still a lack of accurate biomarkers to guide clinical application. Inflammation plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis, tumor development, metastasis, and drug resistance, but there is limited research on the predictive value of these inflammatory indicators in SCLC.

A Drug-Drug Interaction Study of Mobocertinib and Midazolam, a Cytochrome P450 3A Substrate, in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Mobocertinib is a kinase inhibitor designed to selectively target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion (ex20ins) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. This drug-drug interaction study assessed the effect of multiple-dose administration of mobocertinib on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of midazolam, a sensitive cytochrome P450 3A substrate. Patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer refractory/intolerant to standard available therapy were enrolled.

Isolation of a strain from an Eastern Gray Kangaroo.

Methanogenic archaea are a group of microorganisms found in the gastrointestinal tract of various herbivores and humans; however, the quantity (intensity) of methane emissions during feed digestion varies. Macropodids, such as the Eastern Gray Kangaroo (), are considered to be low methane-emitting animals, but their gut methanogenic archaea remain poorly characterized. Characterizing methanogens from animals with low methane emissions offers the potential to develop strategies and interventions that reduce methane emissions from livestock.