Relationship of Maternal and Neonatal Variables With Breastmilk Sodium.

Objective: To determine breastmilk sodium changes in the first 72 hours after birth and to correlate maternal and neonatal variables with maternal breastmilk sodium.

Methods: We enrolled 245 mothers and their exclusively breast-fed neonates in this prospective cohort study. Singleton, inborn babies of greater than 34 weeks gestation, who were exclusively breastfed for the first 72 hours were included.

Evaluation of Leptin as a Marker of Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, whose incidence is rapidly increasing in India. T2DM is caused by varying degrees of insulin resistance (IR) and relative insulin deficiency. Leptin, an adipokine with the primary function of regulating energy balance, is found to mediate insulin secretion and sensitivity in peripheral tissues.