Ethical dilemmas presented by convergent volunteers during emergency response.

This paper addresses the phenomenon of convergence as it applies to disaster management and helps to explain why non-affiliated volunteers respond to disasters. The paper will illustrate how 'convergent' volunteers can present ethical conflicts and management concerns to emergency managers during a critical incident and how convergent volunteers can be managed through the development of a comprehensive volunteer management plan.

In utero intraventricular hemorrhage and growth discordancy in a quadruplet pregnancy.

With the advent of real-time ultrasonography, there have been a number of reported cases of in utero fetal intraventricular hemorrhage. The most frequent etiology for this uncommon event is iso/allo-immune thrombocytopenia; however, other risks have also been identified. This is the first report of an in utero diagnosis of intraventricular hemorrhage in a multiple gestation.

Pica in a rural obstetric population.

The incidence of pica during pregnancy has been reported to range from 0% to 68% depending on the patient population. This study was designed to define characteristics and factors influencing the practice of pica in a rural obstetric population. Our study group was 125 consecutive pregnant women who were interviewed at their initial antenatal visit about attitudes and behavior regarding pica practices.