Genetic characteristics of cellulose-forming acetic acid bacteria identified phenotypically as Gluconacetobacter xylinus.

Gluconacetobacter xylinus (=Acetobacter xylinum) shows variety in acid formation from sugars and sugar-alcohols. Toyosaki et al. proposed new subspecies of G.

Cloning of a gene encoding hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase that catalyzes both intradiol and extradiol ring cleavage of catechol.

Two Escherichia coli transformants with catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity were selected from a gene library of the benzamide-assimilating bacterium Arthrobacter species strain BA-5-17, which produces four catechol 1,2-dioxygenase isozymes. A DNA fragment isolated from one transformant contained a complete open reading frame (ORF). The deduced amino acid sequence of the ORF shared high identity with hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase.

Structure of raw starch-digesting Bacillus cereus beta-amylase complexed with maltose.

The crystals of beta-amylase from Bacillus cereus belong to space group P21 with the following cell dimensions: a = 57.70 A, b = 92.87 A, c = 65.

Cloning and sequence analysis of two catechol-degrading gene clusters from the aniline-assimilating bacterium Frateuria species ANA-18.

The aniline-assimilating bacterium Frateuria species ANA-18 produced two catechol 1,2-dioxygenases, CD I and CD II, and two muconate cycloisomerases, MC I and MC II. The catA genes catA1 and catA2 encoding CD I and CD II, respectively, were cloned from a gene library of this bacterium. The catA1 gene was clustered with catB1 encoding MC I, catC1 encoding muconolactone isomerase (MI), catD encoding beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone hydrolase (ELH), and ORFR1 encoding a putative LysR-type regulator.

Reclassification of the Strains with Low G+C Contents of DNA belonging to the Genus Gluconobacter ASAI 1935 (Acetobacteraceae).

Three species, Gluconobacter cerinus, G. asaii, and G. frateurii are reported to show lower G+C contents than G.