Publications by authors named "R Scott Winton"

Older adults with diabetes are at risk for impairments in activities of daily living (ADL) performance. Home health (HH) services help patients regain their ability to perform ADLs following hospitalization, but there may be disparities in ADL improvement. We aimed to identify factors associated with change in ADL performance from the start of HH care to discharge in HH patients with diabetes age ≥65.

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Background: Home health care (HHC) patients with diabetes are at high risk for inpatient admissions.

Purpose: To identify variables associated with inpatient admissions among adults age ≥50 with diabetes receiving HHC in the community and in assisted living (AL).

Methods: Retrospective HHC data (collected October 2021 to March 2022 in the Southern United States) from the Outcome and Assessment Information Set D were analyzed with logistic regression (n = 5,308 patients).

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Recent studies show that tropical hydroelectric reservoirs may be responsible for substantial greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere, yet emissions from the surface of released water downstream of the dam are poorly characterized if not neglected entirely from most assessments. We found that carbon dioxide (CO) emission downstream of Kariba Dam (southern Africa) varied widely over different timescales and that accounting for downstream emissions and their fluctuations is critically important to the reservoir carbon budget. Seasonal variation was driven by reservoir stratification and the accumulation of CO in hypolimnetic waters, while subdaily variation was driven by hydropeaking events caused by dam operation in response to daily electricity demand.

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The Zambezi River Basin in Southern Africa is undergoing rapid development and population growth. Agricultural intensification, urbanization and future development of hydropower dams will likely lead to a degradation of surface water quality, but there have been few formal assessments of where, how and why these changes impact specific water quality parameters based on in situ data spanning a large region. We sampled a large suite of biogeochemical water quality parameters at 14 locations in four field campaigns in central and southern Zambia in 2018 and 2019 to characterize seasonal changes in water quality in response to large hydropower dams and human landscape transformations.

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Article Synopsis
  • Nutrient pollution in surface waters often leads to the invasion of floating plants, which block waterways and lead to costly control efforts, yet they may play a crucial role in nutrient cycling.
  • Floating plants have long been recognized for their ability to absorb excess nutrients in constructed wetlands, but their impact in natural environments, particularly in the Zambezi River, has not been fully quantified.
  • Research shows that in more urbanized areas of the Zambezi, these plants can account for significant portions of digestible phosphorus and nitrogen, highlighting their potential as natural nutrient sinks and the importance of managing their growth through hydrological practices.
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