Methodological concerns underlying a lack of evidence for cultural heterogeneity in the replication of psychological effects.

The multi-site replication study, Many Labs 2, concluded that sample location and setting did not substantially affect the replicability of findings. Here, we examine theoretical and methodological considerations for a subset of the analyses, namely exploratory tests of heterogeneity in the replicability of studies between "WEIRD and less-WEIRD cultures". We conducted a review of literature citing the study, a re-examination of the existing cultural variability, a power stimulation for detecting cultural heterogeneity, and re-analyses of the original exploratory tests.

Paradox of diversity in the collective brain.

Human societies are collective brains. People within every society have cultural brains-brains that have evolved to selectively seek out adaptive knowledge and socially transmit solutions. Innovations emerge at a population level through the transmission of serendipitous mistakes, incremental improvements and novel recombinations.

Promotion of behavioural change for health in a heterogeneous population.

Public health policy often involves implementing cost-efficient, large-scale interventions. When mandating or forbidding a specific behaviour is not permissible, public health professionals may draw on behaviour change interventions to achieve socially beneficial policy objectives. Interventions can have two main effects: (i) a direct effect on people initially targeted by the intervention; and (ii) an indirect effect mediated by social influence and by the observation of other people's behaviour.

Hemocyanin re-uptake in the renal and branchial heart appendages of the coleoid cephalopod Sepia officinalis.

The renal and branchial heart appendages of Sepia officinalis L. were investigated in order to elucidate a possible involvement of their excretory epithelia in hemocyanin metabolism. Immunocytochemical findings and tracer experiments indicate that after passing the barrier of ultrafiltration the hemocyanin molecules are taken up by the epithelial cells of the renal and branchial heart appendages and are subsequently carried back to the circulatory system, suggesting a mechanism of hemocyanin recycling.

Cytobiological studies on hemocyanin metabolism in the branchial heart complex of the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (Cephalopoda, Dibranchiata).

The present study confirms previous investigations that demonstrated a high copper content in the branchial heart and its appendage, and that gave the first indication that this organ complex might be involved in hemocyanin metabolism in Sepia officinalis L. Immunocytochemical localization of hemocyanin molecules within the endocytotic lysosomal system of the ovoid cells and tracer experiments with 125I-labeled Sepia hemocyanin suggest its endocytotic uptake. Energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis and histochemical methods reveal a high copper content within the ovoid cells of the branchial heart.