Diaphragmatic Ultrasound Predictors of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapeutic Failure in Critically Ill Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia.

Objectives: High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is frequently used in patients with acute respiratory failure, but there is limited evidence regarding predictors of therapeutic failure. The objective of this study was to assess diaphragmatic ultrasound criteria as predictors of failure to HFNC, defined as the need for orotracheal intubation or death.

Methods: Prospective cohort study including adult patients consecutively admitted to the critical care unit, from July 24 to October 20, 2020, with respiratory failure secondary to SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia who required HFNC.

Advances in Robotic Tapping and Plugging of Non-Ferrous Smelting Furnaces: The MIRS Robotic Tapping Machine.

The operation of a metallurgical furnace requires the safe opening and closing of the furnace taphole. In this operation, the molten phase in the furnace is allowed to flow through the tap-hole for transfer to a ladle or another vessel before the tap-hole needs to be safely closed. Until now, non-ferrous tapping operations have largely been performed by an operator.

Seismic rate variations prior to the 2010 Maule, Chile M 8.8 giant megathrust earthquake.

The M 8.8 Maule earthquake is the largest well-recorded megathrust earthquake reported in South America. It is known to have had very few foreshocks due to its locking degree, and a strong aftershock activity.

Clock advance and magnitude limitation through fault interaction: the case of the 2016 central Italy earthquake sequence.

Faults communicate with each other. Strong earthquakes perturb stress over large volumes modifying the load on nearby faults and their resistance to slip. The causative fault induces permanent or transient perturbations that can change the time to the next seismic rupture with respect to that expected for a steadily accumulating stress.

Experimental evidence that thrust earthquake ruptures might open faults.

Many of Earth's great earthquakes occur on thrust faults. These earthquakes predominantly occur within subduction zones, such as the 2011 moment magnitude 9.0 eathquake in Tohoku-Oki, Japan, or along large collision zones, such as the 1999 moment magnitude 7.