Selective monitoring of insulin secretion after CRISPR interference in intact pancreatic islets despite submaximal infection.

Virus-mediated gene knockdown in intact pancreatic islets is technically challenging due to poor infection of the center of the islet. Because the cells that do not have knockdown have normal insulin secretion, measuring changes in insulin secretion after gene knockdown is challenging. We describe a method to monitor insulin secretion from only the beta cells with knockdown of a gene of interest in intact islets using a single lentivirus containing a guide RNA, a luciferase insulin secretion reporter and a dCas9-KRAB cassette.

PANLAR Presidency, First Self-Assessment Report 2014-2016: Challenges, Opportunities, and Results.

We present here the first PANLAR Presidency Self-Assessment Report 2014-2016, emphasizing the challenges, opportunities, and results achieved in terms of (1) governance, (2) education and scientific research, (3) finance, and (4) communications throughout this tenure. The main result must be understood as a strategic planning exercise that strengthened institutional responsibility in policies, decisions, and actions, thanks to the teamwork of Latin America's National Rheumatology Societies, the PANLAR Executive Committee, and PANLAR Board Members.

Review of Current Workforce for Rheumatology in the Countries of the Americas 2012-2015.

Background: With the increases in and aging of the populations of the Americas, monitoring the number of rheumatologists is critical to address and focus on areas of greatest need.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to gather data on the rheumatology workforce from 21 national societies in the Pan American League of Associations for Rheumatology (PANLAR).

Methods: In September and October 2012 and again in October and November 2015, the heads of the 21 rheumatology national societies were contacted in the 2012 survey; all national societies responded except Cuba.

Multi-country Survey Revealed Prevalent and Novel F1534S Mutation in Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) Gene in Aedes albopictus.

Background: Aedes albopictus is an important dengue vector because of its aggressive biting behavior and rapid spread out of its native home range in Southeast Asia. Pyrethroids are widely used for adult mosquito control, and resistance to pyrethroids should be carefully monitored because vector control is the only effective method currently available to prevent dengue transmission. The voltage-gated sodium channel gene is the target site of pyrethroids, and mutations in this gene cause knockdown resistance (kdr).

Streptozotocin causes pancreatic beta cell failure via early and sustained biochemical and cellular alterations.

The morphological and biochemical changes that occur in the early phase of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced beta cell failure have not been characterized. The pancreas and plasma of rats treated with STZ were processed for morphological and biochemical parameters 1-24 h and 4 weeks after STZ treatment. Marked reduction in body weight was observed as early as 3 h post STZ treatment and hyperglycemia coupled with hypoinsulinaemia appeared in rats 1 h after treatment with STZ.