Global DNA methylomes reveal oncogenic-associated 5-hydroxylmethylated cytosine (5hmC) signatures in the cell-free DNA of cancer patients.

Characterization of tumor epigenetic aberrations is integral to understanding the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and provide diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive information of high clinical relevance. Among the different tumor-associated epigenetic signatures, 5 methyl-cytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) are the two most well-characterized DNA methylation alterations linked to cancer pathogenesis. 5hmC has a tissue-specific distribution and its abundance is subjected to changes in tumor DNA, making it a promising biomarker.

Molecular Structural Control of the Amorphous-Crystalline Balance in Solids: Structure-Phase Correlation in DADQs with Enhanced/Switchable Fluorescence.

The amorphous/crystalline (A/C) assembly in molecular solids has a direct bearing on their attributes and applications, including mechanical, pharmaceutical, electronic and photophysical.  A systematic analysis of the molecular features and interactions that determine the predilection towards the A, C or bi-stable A-C states is critical.  This fundamental problem is addressed through an exhaustive investigation of a large family of alkoxyalkyl diaminodicyanoquinodimethanes (ROR'-DADQs); enhancement of their fluorescence from the solution, to the A, to the C state serves as an excellent signature of the phase preference and temporal stability.

Copper catalyzed selective methane oxidation to acetic acid using O.

The direct transformation of methane into C oxygenates such as acetic acid selectively using molecular oxygen (O) is a significant challenge due to the chemical inertness of methane, the difficulty of methane C-H bond activation/C-C bond coupling and the thermodynamically favored over-oxidation. In this study, we have successfully developed a porous aluminium metal-organic framework (MOF)-supported single-site mono-copper(ii) hydroxyl catalyst [MIL-53(Al)-Cu(OH)], which is efficient in directly oxidizing methane to acetic acid in water at 175 °C with a remarkable selectivity using only O. This heterogeneous catalyst achieved an exceptional acetic acid productivity of 11 796 mmol mol h in 9.

Laparoscopic Hernia Sac Transection With Intracorporeal Ligation: A Comparison With Open Hernia Repair in the Pediatric Age Group.

Background and objective Inguinal hernia in children results from a failure of the processus vaginalis (PV) to close, leading to herniation. Surgical repair is necessary to prevent complications in this patient population. This study aimed to compare the outcomes between laparoscopic herniotomy (LH) and open herniotomy (OH) in pediatric patients with inguinal hernia.

Machine learning-enhanced detection of chlorpyrifos using molecularly imprinted polymer-coated optical fibers.

This paper explores the use of large core declad optical fibers coated with molecularly imprinted polymers for chlorpyrifos detection, a key marker of organophosphate pesticides. The performance of sensor is evaluated using artificial neural networks and principal component analysis. By varying the declad length, the performance of molecularly imprinted polymer-coated fibers is compared to uncoated fibers, and both are used to identify commercial and pure samples of chlorpyrifos pesticides.