Publications by authors named "R S Klinger"

Article Synopsis
  • Gonadal hormones like androgens and estrogens, along with sex-chromosome factors, greatly influence sexual development in birds.
  • Researchers created chickens without androgen receptors to study how androgens affect this process; these knockout chickens still developed gonads but were infertile.
  • Important traits like comb size, certain behaviors, and reproductive features were underdeveloped, showing that androgens play a crucial role in sexual characteristics and challenging traditional views on sex determination in birds.
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One of the most common concerns of patients undergoing surgery is preoperative anxiety, with a prevalence of up to 48%. The effects of preoperative anxiety continue beyond the preoperative period and are associated with more severe postoperative pain and poorer treatment outcomes. Treatment options for preoperative anxiety are often limited as sedatives cause side effects and their efficacy remains controversial.

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