RETRACTED: Kanan et al. Empowering Low- and Middle-Income Countries to Combat AMR by Minimal Use of Antibiotics: A Way Forward. 2023, , 1504.

The journal retracts the article "Empowering Low- and Middle-Income Countries to Combat AMR by Minimal Use of Antibiotics: A Way Forward" [...

Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in ypT0-2 N0 rectal cancer.

Purpose: The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in rectal cancer patients downstaged to ypT0-2 N0 after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and surgery is still debated. This study investigates the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on survival outcomes in this patient population.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed hospital records of rectal cancer cases from Shefa Al Orman Cancer Hospital between January 2016 and December 2020, focusing on patients downstaged to ypT0-2 N0 after neoadjuvant CRT and surgery.

Clinical predictors of disease severity in oral lichen planus.

Background: The limited understanding of factors influencing the disease progression of oral lichen planus (OLP) poses challenges in delivering effective and personalised treatment for this condition, known to increase the risk of oral cancer and adversely impact patient quality of life.

Objective: This study aimed to systematically identify clinical predictors of disease severity in OLP patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional and single-site prospective study was conducted between December 2021 and February 2024 in the Departments of Oral Medicine and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary.

Data-driven analysis identifies novel modulation of social behavior in female mice witnessing chronic social defeat stress.

Background: Chronic social defeat stress is a widely used depression model in male mice. Several proposed adaptations extend this model to females with variable, often marginal effects. We examine if the widely used male-defined metrics of stress are suboptimal in females witnessing defeat.

Leveraging research into sex differences and steroid hormones to improve brain health.

Sex differences, driven in part by steroid hormones, shape the structure and function of the brain throughout the lifespan and manifest across brain health and disease. The influence of steroid hormones on neuroplasticity, particularly in the adult hippocampus, differs between the sexes, which has important implications for disorders and diseases that compromise hippocampus integrity, such as depression and Alzheimer disease. This Review outlines the intricate relationship between steroid hormones and hippocampal neuroplasticity across the adult lifespan and explores how the unique physiology of male and female individuals can affect health and disease.