All-Cause Mortality and 1990-1991 Gulf War Service within the Millennium Cohort Study (2001-2021).

Although 1990-1991 Gulf War deployment has been linked to worse health outcomes such as chronic multisymptom illness (CMI), often referred to as Gulf War Illness, among deployed Gulf War Veterans, less is known regarding Gulf War service and mortality. Using 20 years of longitudinal data from Gulf War Veteran and Era personnel from the Millennium Cohort Study (2001-2021; n=45381), Cox proportional hazard models estimated the relative effects of Gulf War service status, CMI, and their corresponding interaction on all-cause mortality. Although age- and sex-adjusted mortality ratios suggested that Gulf War Veterans had higher mortality rates than Era personnel, no association was observed between Gulf War service status and mortality risk.

Utilizing machine learning to predict participant response to follow-up health surveys in the Millennium Cohort Study.

The Millennium Cohort Study is a longitudinal study which collects self-reported data from surveys to examine the long-term effects of military service. Participant nonresponse to follow-up surveys presents a potential threat to the validity and generalizability of study findings. In recent years, predictive analytics has emerged as a promising tool to identify predictors of nonresponse.

Factors Associated With Mental Healthcare Utilization Among United States Military Personnel With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder or Depression Symptoms.

Introduction: Although posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression are prominent mental health conditions affecting United States service members, only a subset of individuals with these conditions utilize mental healthcare services. Identifying factors associated with mental healthcare utilization may elucidate military subgroups with unmet mental healthcare needs.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey data from the 2019-2021 Millennium Cohort Study assessment were used to examine correlates of unmet mental healthcare needs among military personnel who screened positive for PTSD or depression symptoms (n=18,420) using modified Poisson regression models.

All-cause mortality among United States military personnel: Findings from the Millennium Cohort Study, 2001-2021.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to estimate all-cause mortality among Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and New Dawn era service members and veterans and to identify protective and risk factors for mortality.

Methods: Using 20 years of longitudinal data from the Millennium Cohort Study (2001-2021), sequential Cox proportional hazard models were conducted to examine demographic, military, and health-related characteristics associated with all-cause mortality among service members and veterans.

Results: Among 201,619 participants, 3806 (1.