Immunocompetent cells in the starfish Asterias rubens. An ultrastructural study.

Cells from the axial organ of the starfish Asterias rubens were fractionated into two populations, adherent and non-adherent to nylon wool. In both populations the ultrastructural study revealed the presence of cells resembling the lymphocytes of the vertebrates, as well as phagocytic, peroxidase positive cells. The lymphocyte-like cells in the non-adherent population (average diameter 4 mu) have a high nucleo-cytoplasmatic ratio and are morphologically similar to Th lymphocytes while the adherent cells (average diameter 5.

Possible role of sialic acid and endogenous neuraminidase in T-cell proliferation.

The proliferation of T cells in MLR with strains C57Bl/6 and DBA2, mouse spleen and lymph node cells was increased when the inhibitors of endogenous neuraminidase was added in the culture. This is in favor of participation of this enzyme and implicitly of terminal sialic acid in the proliferation of T-cells. Ths possibility that the suppressive activity of T-cells might have been abolished is discussed.

VIP inhibits histamine-induced ultrastructural changes related to acid secretion by parietal cells.

We have studied the in vitro effect of VIP and histamine on ultrastructure of the parietal cells in isolated guinea pig fundic glands. The morphological changes induced by histamine in the parietal cells can be compared to those observed after histamine stimulation in vivo or in vitro on gastric mucosa preparations. In contrast, VIP incubation did not produce the ultrastructural changes related to gastric acid secretion, in resting parietal cells.

The spatial organization of nucleolar DNA in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes of the guinea pig.

The ultrastructural changes in the spatial organization of nucleolar DNA in lymphocytes during phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation was studied in guinea pigs by means of oxidized diaminobenzidine (DAB) at low pH as a differentially contrasting stain for nucleic acids and by the use of reconstruction of serial sections. The extended DNA filaments situated inside the fibrillar area originate from a large aggregation of heterochromatin, which is closely associated with the nucleolus, and from the perinucleolar shell of condensed chromatin. It is suggested that these two distinct regions of chromatin might be associated with different functions.

[Nucleolar lesions induced by ribonuclease in living cultured cells].

The nucleolar lesions provoked by the action of ribonuclease (RNase) on living chick embryo fibroblasts were studied by means of microcinematographic analysis and at the ultrastructural level using oxidized diaminobenzidine as a differentially contrasting stain for nucleic acids. This study has shown that the induction of nucleolar dispersion by RNase was only the beginning of a series of discrete steps. The following sequences are described: dispersion of the nucleolus into fragments, their reassembly, and the emission of spherules which appear of chromatin origin.