Gender Bias and Perceptions of the Nursing Profession in Croatia: A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Patients and the General Population.

Background: The way the nursing profession is perceived plays a pivotal role in shaping the public's attitude toward its members, primarily influenced by interactions with nurses and media representation. However, it can be significantly impacted by historical and traditional stereotypes, coupled with enduring gender bias and other preconceived notions.

Objectives: The study aimed to examined how the title "nurse" reflects the profession's identity, perception as a female occupation, and status as a healthcare activity.

Di-mannosylation enhances the adjuvant properties of adamantane-containing desmuramyl peptides .

Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) is the smallest essential peptidoglycan substructure capable of promoting both innate and adaptive immune responses. Herein, we report on the design, synthesis, and study of the adjuvant properties of two novel MDP analogs containing an achiral adamantyl moiety attached to the desmuramyl dipeptide (DMP) pharmacophore and additionally modified by one mannosyl subunit (derivative 7) or two mannosyl subunits (derivative 11). Mannose substructures were introduced in order to assess how the degree of mannosylation affects the immune response and nucleotide-binding oligomerization-domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) binding affinity, compared to the reference compound ManAdDMP.

Mannose Ligands for Mannose Receptor Targeting.

The mannose receptor (MR, CD 206) is an endocytic receptor primarily expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells, which plays a critical role in both endocytosis and antigen processing and presentation. MR carbohydrate recognition domains (CRDs) exhibit a high binding affinity for branched and linear oligosaccharides. Furthermore, multivalent mannose presentation on the various templates like peptides, proteins, polymers, micelles, and dendrimers was proven to be a valuable approach for the selective and efficient delivery of various therapeutically active agents to MR.

Changes in hair cortisol levels and cognitive function among older patients in palliative care.

This monocentric pilot study aimed to assess whether there are significant changes in hair cortisol levels and cognitive functioning at baseline and after 3 weeks of hospitalisation in older palliative care patients, and to ascertain whether hair cortisol can be used as a pertinent stress biomarker in this population. Hair cortisol concentration levels were measured with the use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while cognitive functions were assessed by using 16-point Mini-Mental State Examination 2 (MMSE-2): brief version. A statistically significant difference in mean hair cortisol levels at the start of the hospitalisation was found when compared to the 3-week follow-up (p=0.

Prevalence of Primary Dysmenorrhoea and Its Impact on Academic Performance among Croatian Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Dysmenorrhoea is one of the most common gynaecological problems. Therefore, it is important to investigate its impact during the COVID-19 pandemic which has a great impact on the lives of menstruating people all over the world.

Aim: To determine the prevalence and impact of primary dysmenorrhoea on academic performance among students during the pandemic.