"Surgical outcomes following caudal versus pudendal analgesia in hypospadias repair: a prospective randomized blinded pilot study".

Purpose: Caudal analgesia (CA) is a widely used method to tackle pain after hypospadias repair. Complications related to temporary penile engorgement has made people concerned about CA and switch to pudendal analgesia (PA). In this prospective randomized blinded study we compared CA and PA among children undergoing hypospadias repair.

The hidden crisis: double burden of malnutrition among refugee children in South Asia - a systematic review and meta-analysis from observational studies.

Background: Children living in refugee camps in South Asian countries suffer from undernutrition. However, the emerging prevalence of double burden of malnutrition could potentially cause a crisis in the healthcare of the refugee population. Double burden increases the risk for co-morbidities, poor functional health, and increased risk for premature death among these children.

Amaurosis fugax in Takayasu arteritis mimicking migraine with visual aura.

Takayasu arteritis is a rare vasculitis commonly seen in young women. Amaurosis fugax and headache are visual presentations of Takayasu arteritis. Migraine with visual aura is a common condition affecting young women, and differentiating migraine from Takayasu presenting with visual symptoms and headache can be challenging.

Model-based fed-batch cultivation of plant cells exhibiting antimalarial and anticancer activity.

Introduction: is a medicinal plant used in the indigenous systems of medicine in India, to treat respiratory tract disorders. natural plant source is limited in availability. Bioprocess principles can be applied to develop sustainable methods for the commercial production of high-quality plant biomass.

Usefulness topical di-hydro testosterone prior to proximal hypospadias repair in testosterone non-responders.

Background And Aims: Preoperative hormonal stimulation (PHS) with testosterone is commonly used to enhance glans width in hypospadias repair. However, up to 50 % of those with proximal hypospadias do not respond to testosterone due to receptor resistance or failure of testosterone conversion to di-hydro testosterone (DHT). There are limited reports on DHT usage in testosterone non-responders.