Anisotropy of radiation-induced defects in Yb-implanted β-GaO.

RE-doped β-GaO seems attractive for future high-power LEDs operating in high irradiation environments. In this work, we pay special attention to the issue of radiation-induced defect anisotropy in β-GaO, which is crucial for device manufacturing. Using the RBS/c technique, we have carefully studied the structural changes caused by implantation and post-implantation annealing in two of the most commonly used crystallographic orientations of β-GaO, namely the (-201) and (010).

Crystal Lattice Recovery and Optical Activation of Yb Implanted into β-GaO.

β-GaO is an ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor (E~4.8 eV) of interest for many applications, including optoelectronics. Undoped GaO emits light in the UV range that can be tuned to the visible region of the spectrum by rare earth dopants.

Artificial Intelligence in Violence Risk Assessment: Addressing Racial Bias and Inequity.

Although there has been no shortage of technological innovation in recent decades, a solution to sociodemographic disparities in the forensic setting has remained elusive. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a uniquely powerful emerging technology that is likely to either exacerbate or mitigate existing disparities and biases. This column argues that the implementation of AI in forensic settings is inevitable, and that practitioners and researchers should focus on developing AI systems that reduce bias and advance sociodemographic equity rather than attempt to impede the use of this novel technology.

Enhanced Luminescence of Yb Ions Implanted to ZnO through the Selection of Optimal Implantation and Annealing Conditions.

Rare earth-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:RE) systems are attractive for future optoelectronic devices such as phosphors, displays, and LEDs with emission in the visible spectral range, working even in a radiation-intense environment. The technology of these systems is currently under development, opening up new fields of application due to the low-cost production. Ion implantation is a very promising technique to incorporate rare-earth dopants into ZnO.

Method Development for a Short-Term 7-Day Toxicity Test with Unionid Mussels.

The US Environmental Protection Agency's short-term freshwater effluent test methods include a fish (Pimephales promelas), a cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia), and a green alga (Raphidocelis subcapitata). There is a recognized need for additional taxa to accompany the three standard species for effluent testing. An appropriate additional taxon is unionid mussels because mussels are widely distributed, live burrowed in sediment and filter particles from the water column for food, and exhibit high sensitivity to a variety of contaminants.