Clinician-rated and self-reported psychotic-like experiences in individuals accessing a specialist Youth Mental Health Service.

Aim: The prevalence of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) was explored in a sample of 14- to 25-year-olds with non-psychotic mental health difficulties. Associations between PLEs, psychopathology, functioning, trauma history, and pathways to care were examined.

Methods: Data were collected for 202 young people.

Creating an innovative youth mental health service in the United Kingdom: The Norfolk Youth Service.

Young people attempting to access mental health services in the United Kingdom often find traditional models of care outdated, rigid, inaccessible and unappealing. Policy recommendations, research and service user opinion suggest that reform is needed to reflect the changing needs of young people. There is significant motivation in the United Kingdom to transform mental health services for young people, and this paper aims to describe the rationale, development and implementation of a novel youth mental health service in the United Kingdom, the Norfolk Youth Service.

Pathways to care of young people accessing a pilot specialist youth mental health service in Norfolk, United Kingdom.

Aim: Pathways to care (PtC) are a means of examining and understanding routes into mental health care. It is important to examine PtC in order to identify ways in which individuals access services, as well as highlighting barriers or delays to appropriate treatment. This study aimed to examine PtC experienced by young people accessing a pilot specialist youth mental health service (SYMHS) for those with non-psychotic, severe and complex mental health conditions in Norfolk, UK.

Evaluating an early intervention in psychosis service for 'high-risk' adolescents: symptomatic and social recovery outcomes.

Aim: This study presents client characteristics and treatment outcomes for a group of young people seen by Central Norfolk Early Intervention Team (CNEIT). The team offers an intensive outreach model of treatment to young people with complex co-morbid emotional, behavioural and social problems, as well as the presence of psychotic symptoms.

Methods: Outcomes include both client self-report and clinician-rated measures.

Human endogenous retrovirus K (HML-2) RNA and protein expression is a marker for human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells.

Background: Malignant human embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs) rely on similar transcriptional networks as non-malignant embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to control selfrenewal, maintain pluripotency, and inhibit differentiation. Because re-activation of silenced HERV-K(HML-2) loci is a hallmark of ECCs, we asked if this HERV group was also reactivated in ESCs and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).

Findings: Using RT-PCR and Western Blot, we demonstrate HERV-K(HML-2) RNA and protein expression in undifferentiated human ESCs and iPSCs.