Publications by authors named "R R Kalyani"
Objectives: In observational studies, older adults with low serum vitamin D levels are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but randomized trials have failed to demonstrate reduction in CVD risk from vitamin D supplementation, possibly because the doses of vitamin D supplements tested were too low. Our objective was to determine if higher doses of vitamin D supplementation reduce high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTnI) and N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), markers of subclinical CVD.
Methods: The Study to Understand Fall Reduction and Vitamin D in You (STURDY) was a double-blind, randomized, response-adaptive trial that tested the effects of 4 doses of vitamin D3 supplementation (200, 1000, 2000, 4000 IU/day) on fall risk among older adults with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (10-29 ng/mL).
Context: Body composition and glucose metabolism change with aging. Whether different levels of body-mass-index (BMI) are needed to define diabetes risk across the adult lifespan is unknown.
Objective: This work aimed to investigate whether BMI similarly reflects relative fat mass (FM) and diabetes risk across age groups.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how rare non-coding genetic variations affect complex traits, specifically focusing on human height by analyzing data from over 333,100 individuals across three large datasets.
- Researchers found 29 significant rare variants linked to height, with impacts ranging from a decrease of 7 cm to an increase of 4.7 cm, after considering previously known variants.
- The team also identified specific non-coding variants near key genes associated with height, demonstrating a new method for understanding the effects of rare variants in regulatory regions using whole-genome sequencing.
Purpose: Segmentation is essential for tissue quantification and characterization in studies of aging and age-related and metabolic diseases and the development of imaging biomarkers. We propose a multi-method and multi-atlas methodology for automated segmentation of functional muscle groups in three-dimensional (3D) thigh magnetic resonance images. These groups lie anatomically adjacent to each other, rendering their manual delineation a challenging and time-consuming task.
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- The study investigated how weight loss affects sex hormone levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), focusing on sex differences in hormone response.
- It included 850 postmenopausal women and 890 men, measuring hormones like testosterone and estradiol and observing the impact of an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) over time.
- Results showed that ILI led to significant hormone level changes in both sexes, with women experiencing decreases in estradiol and testosterone while men saw increases in testosterone, highlighting the importance of considering these hormonal shifts in relation to health risks.