Clinical experience with angulated, hand-activated, wireless instruments in an optical tracking system for endoscopic sinus surgery.

Objectives: Image-guided surgery of the paranasal sinuses has become a valuable tool in endoscopic sinus surgery. Optical image-guided systems using infrared tracking technology are widely used. We present our experience with new angulated, hand-activated, wireless instruments in an optical tracking system for endoscopic sinus surgery.

Models for the prediction of successful induction of labor based on pre-induction sonographic measurement of cervical length.

Objective: To examine the effect of pre-induction cervical length, parity, gestational age at induction, maternal age and body mass index (BMI) on the possibility of successful delivery in women undergoing induction of labor.

Methods: In 822 singleton pregnancies, induction of labor was carried out at 35 to 42(+6) weeks of gestation. The cervical length was measured by transvaginal sonography before induction.

Recurrent severe hyperandrogenism during pregnancy: a case report.

This report describes the case of a 28 year old woman with virilisation occurring in two successive pregnancies. Recurrent maternal virilisation is rare (seven previous reports) and this case is unique in its severity. Differential diagnoses include ovarian disease and fetal aromatase deficiency.

The value of ultrasound in the prediction of successful induction of labor.

Objectives: To examine the value of pre-induction sonographic assessment of cervical length, posterior cervical angle and occipital position in the prediction of the induction-to-delivery interval within 24 h, the likelihood of vaginal delivery within 24 h, the likelihood of Cesarean section and to compare sonographic assessment with the Bishop score.

Methods: In 604 singleton pregnancies, induction of labor was carried out at 35-42 weeks of gestation. Immediately before induction, transvaginal sonography was performed for measurement of cervical length and posterior cervical angle and a transabdominal scan was carried out to determine the position of the fetal occiput.

Pre-induction sonographic measurement of cervical length in prolonged pregnancy: the effect of parity in the prediction of the need for Cesarean section.

Objective: To examine the effect of parity on the relationship between pre-induction cervical length and the risk of Cesarean section in women undergoing induction of labor for prolonged pregnancy.

Methods: In 382 singleton pregnancies, induction of labor was carried out at 41 + 3 to 42 + 1 weeks of gestation. The cervical length was measured by transvaginal sonography before induction.