FEATURES OF MORPHOGENESIS OF THE BONES OF THE HUMAN ORBIT.

Objective: The aim: To find out the sources of origin, the chronology of ossification, the peculiarities of age-related topographical and anatomical changes in the bones of the human orbit.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The research was carried out on the specimens of 18 human embryos and prefetuses aged from 4th to 12th weeks of intrauterine development and 12 human fetuses aged from 4th to 9th months which were studied by microscopic examination and 3D reconstruction.

Results: Results: The first signs of osteogenesis around the main nervous and visceral contents of the orbit rudiment are observed in 6-week-old embryos in the form of seven cartilaginous bone models.

PECULIARITIES OF THE HUMAN MAXILLA MORPHOGENESIS.

Objective: The aim: To find out the sources of formation and the chronological sequence of the morphogenesis of the maxilla at the early stages of human ontogenesis.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: 14 series of consecutive histological specimens of human embryos and prefetuses (4,0-66,0 mm of parietal-coccygeal length) aged from 4 to 11 weeks of intrauterine development with the use of a complex of modern morphological methods of investigation (anthropometry, morphometry, microscopy, and 3D computer reconstruction) were studied.

Results: Results: On the basis of a complex of morphological research methods, data were obtained that made it possible to establish the general patterns of development of the human maxilla: separation of the pharyngeal apparatus (4th week), convergence and fusion of the jaw processes (5-8th weeks), formation of tooth buds (7-8th weeks), which allows considering the specified periods as critical in the formation of possible anomalies in the facial part of the skull.

PECULIARITIES OF THE SOURCES OF ORIGIN AND MORPHOGENESIS OF THE HUMAN MANDIBLE.

Objective: The aim: To determine the sources and terms of origin, developmental peculiarities and dynamics of ossification of the mandible during the prenatal period of human ontogenesis.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The research was carried out on the specimens of 30 embryos, 30 pre-fetuses and 60 human fetuses at the period from the 9th to the 12th weeks of the intrauterine development, which were studied by microscopic examination. Three-dimensional computer reconstructions of the human pre-fetal head were made.

Histotopography of the oviducts in fetus.

Introduction: Nowadays, during formation and development of medicine, the main sector of health care is the protection of maternity and childhood. According to the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, inflammatory diseases of the reproductive system make up 60-65% of all gynecological diseases, among them inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries is 79,6%, which occurs predominantly at young age. The aim is to study the microscopic structure of the oviducts wall in different anatomical parts during the embryonic period of human ontogenesis.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE INNER NASAL CAVITY IN ANIMALS IN PHYLO- AND ONTOGENESIS: FUNCTIONAL ANATOMIC SIGNIFICANCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT PERIOD ROZWÓJ WEWNĘTRZNEJ JAMY NOSOWEJ U ZWIERZĄT W FILO- I ONTOGENEZIE: CZYNNOŚCIOWE I ANATOMICZNE ZNACZENIE W OKRESIE ROZWOJOWYM.

Objective: Іntroduction: Main functions of the inner nose in humans are respiration and olfaction. Therefore, human needs a large surface of inhalable and exhalable air contact, warming and moistening. Importance of these organs in animals in phylogenesis before and after the secondary palate development can explain their anatomic and functional designation.