Post-enzymatic hydrolysis heat treatment as an essential unit operation for collagen solubilization from poultry by-products.

Enzymatic protein hydrolysis (EPH) is an invaluable process to increase the value of food processing by-products. In the current work the aim was to study the role of standard thermal inactivation in collagen solubilization during EPH of poultry by-products. Hundred and eighty hydrolysates were produced using two proteases (stem Bromelain and Endocut-02) and two collagen-rich poultry by-products (turkey tendons and carcasses).

Characterization of Collagen Structure in Normal, Wooden Breast and Spaghetti Meat Chicken Fillets by FTIR Microspectroscopy and Histology.

Recently, two chicken breast fillet abnormalities, termed Wooden Breast (WB) and Spaghetti Meat (SM), have become a challenge for the chicken meat industry. The two abnormalities share some overlapping morphological features, including myofiber necrosis, intramuscular fat deposition, and collagen fibrosis, but display very different textural properties. WB has a hard, rigid surface, while the SM has a soft and stringy surface.

Near-infrared spectroscopy detects woody breast syndrome in chicken fillets by the markers protein content and degree of water binding.

The muscle syndrome woody breast (WB) impairs quality of chicken fillets and is a challenge to the poultry meat industry. There is a need for online detection of affected fillets for automatic quality sorting in process. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a promising method, and in this study we elucidate the spectral properties of WB versus normal fillets.

Effect of sodium bicarbonate and varying concentrations of sodium chloride in brine on the liquid retention of fish (Pollachius virens L.) muscle.

Background: Negative health effects associated with excessive sodium (Na) intake have increased the demand for tasty low-Na products (<2% NaCl) rather than traditional heavily salted fish products (∼20% NaCl). This study investigates the causes of improved yield and liquid retention of fish muscle brined with a combination of salt (NaCl) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 ).

Results: Water characteristics and microstructure of saithe (Pollachius virens L.

Low prevalence of positive interferon-gamma tests in HIV-positive long-term immigrants in Norway.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of positive interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) and tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients in Norway, a low tuberculosis (TB) endemic country.

Design: Multicentre cross-sectional study of 298 HIV patients tested with QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-GIT), T-SPOT®.TB (T-SPOT) and TST.