Energy usage of spruce with waste face masks and spent coffee grounds as fuel in a pellet boiler.

It is necessary to reduce dependency on fossil fuels for heating and waste generation, while also utilizing the energy potential of waste materials. One possibility is to create fuel pellets where waste makes up a small proportion so that the properties of the wood are not significantly altered with. This article investigates the energy usage of pellets containing spent coffee grounds (5 % or 10 %) and waste face masks (5 % or 10 %), with spruce sawdust as the primary input material (80 % or 90 %).

Design of heat exchanger for Ericsson-Brayton piston engine.

Combined power generation or cogeneration is a highly effective technology that produces heat and electricity in one device more efficiently than separate production. Overall effectiveness is growing by use of combined technologies of energy extraction, taking heat from flue gases and coolants of machines. Another problem is the dependence of such devices on fossil fuels as fuel.

Emission controls using different temperatures of combustion air.

The effort of many manufacturers of heat sources is to achieve the maximum efficiency of energy transformation chemically bound in the fuel to heat. Therefore, it is necessary to streamline the combustion process and minimize the formation of emission during combustion. The paper presents an analysis of the combustion air temperature to the heat performance and emission parameters of burning biomass.

Clinical trial in healthy malaria-naïve adults to evaluate the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity and efficacy of MuStDO5, a five-gene, sporozoite/hepatic stage Plasmodium falciparum DNA vaccine combined with escalating dose human GM-CSF DNA.

When introduced in the 1990s, immunization with DNA plasmids was considered potentially revolutionary for vaccine development, particularly for vaccines intended to induce protective CD8 T cell responses against multiple antigens. We conducted, in 1997-1998, the first clinical trial in healthy humans of a DNA vaccine, a single plasmid encoding Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP), as an initial step toward developing a multi-antigen malaria vaccine targeting the liver stages of the parasite. As the next step, we conducted in 2000-2001 a clinical trial of a five-plasmid mixture called MuStDO5 encoding pre-erythrocytic antigens PfCSP, PfSSP2/TRAP, PfEXP1, PfLSA1 and PfLSA3.

Long-term results of kidney transplantation from HCV-positive donors.

Background: Due to the shortage of organs for transplantation, procurement of kidneys from marginal donors is inevitable. Not infrequently, these donors are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV).

Aim: We sought to determine the effect of transplanting kidneys from anti-HCV-positive donors to anti-HCV-positive recipients.