Validity of the Adrogué-Madias Formula for the Management of Acute Dysnatremias in Critically Ill Children: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis.

Objective: Current conventional formulas do not predict the expected changes in serum sodium after administration of various fluids to correct serum sodium abnormalities. The Adrogué-Madias formula is currently the preferred and widely used fluid prescription for adult patients with dysnatremias, but its therapeutic efficacy has not been validated in pediatric patients.

Methods: In this prospective study, we used the Adrogué-Madias formula for calculating the appropriate rate of various fluids administration to correct serum sodium abnormalities in 7 critically ill children with acute dysnatremias.

Assessment of Urinary Level of Neutrophil Gelatinaseassociated Lipocalin (NAGL) in Children with Renal Scar Due to Vesicoureteral Reflux.

Introduction: Renal scarring is a serious complications of urinary tract infection and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scan is the gold standard method for diagnosing renal scars but is an expensive procedure that risks ionizing materials and is not available to everyone. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) increases following inflammation, infection, and acute kidney injury in the urine.

Efficacy of Probiotic Prophylaxis After The First Febrile Urinary Tract Infection in Children With Normal Urinary Tracts.

Background: Growing antibiotic resistance and debates over their efficacy for urinary tract infection (UTI) recurrence warrants studying nonantibiotic prophylaxis for preventing UTI recurrences.

Methods: We randomly assigned 181 children, aged 4 months to 5 years, with a normal urinary tract after recovery from their first febrile UTI in a 1:1 ratio to receive a probiotic mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Bifidobacterium lactis (n = 91) or placebo (n = 90) for a total of 18 months of therapy. The primary objective was to show the superiority of probiotic prophylaxis to placebo.

Minimally invasive management of biliary tract injury following percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Introduction: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is generally considered a safe option for the management of large complex or infectious upper urinary tract calculi. Biliary tract injury is a rare and potentially serious complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy that can even lead to mortality, especially in cases where biliary peritonitis develops. All reported cases of biliary tract injury have been managed by either open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Patient perception of ideal body weight and the effect of body mass index.

Objective: Despite much effort, obesity remains a significant public health problem. One of the main contributing factors is patients' perception of their target ideal body weight. This study aimed to assess this perception.