Inhibition of α4β1 Integrin Activity by Small Tellurium Compounds Regulates PD-L1 Expression and Enhances Antitumor Effects.

Various cancer treatment approaches that inhibit the activity of the programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis, a key player in tumor immune evasion, have been developed. We show that the immunomodulatory small tellurium complexes AS101 (ammonium trichloro(dioxoethylene-o,o')tellurate) and SAS (octa-O-bis(R,R)-tartarate ditellurane) suppress PD-L1 expression in a variety of human and mouse malignant cells via the modulation of α4β1 very late antigen- (VLA-4) integrin activity. Consequently, the expression of pAkt and its downstream effector pNFκB are inhibited.

Predictors of Short-Term Trauma Laparotomy Outcomes in an Integrated Military-Civilian Health System: A 23-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

: Trauma laparotomy (TL) remains a cornerstone of trauma care. We aimed to investigate prehospital measures associated with in-hospital mortality among casualties subsequently undergoing TLs in civilian hospitals. : This retrospective cohort study cross-referenced the prehospital and hospitalization data of casualties treated by Israel Defense Forces-Medical Corps teams who later underwent TLs in civilian hospitals between 1997 and 2020.

Harmful uses of patentable neurotechnology: a new regulatory approach : Proposing a framework safeguarding human rights and social responsibility for patented applications of neuroscience.

The increasing ability of neuroscience to analyse and modulate human brain functions calls for a new regulatory approach to identify and deal with potential harmful applications in the early stages of development. [Image: see text]