Pathophysiology of Group 3 Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Lung Diseases and/or Hypoxia.

Pulmonary hypertension associated with lung diseases and/or hypoxia is classified as group 3 in the clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension. The efficacy of existing selective pulmonary vasodilators for group 3 pulmonary hypertension is still unknown, and it is currently associated with a poor prognosis. The mechanisms by which pulmonary hypertension occurs include hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, pulmonary vascular remodeling, a decrease in pulmonary vascular beds, endothelial dysfunction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), inflammation, microRNA, and genetic predisposition.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with chondroblastoma undergoing surgery with various adjuvant procedures: a retrospective study of 59 cases.

Background: Chondroblastoma is classified as a benign bone tumor. However, postoperative local recurrence remains a concern. We analyzed the factors contributing to chondroblastoma local recurrence and the clinical challenges associated with treating these patients.

Computerized classification method for significant coronary artery stenosis on whole-heart coronary MRA using 3D convolutional neural networks with attention mechanisms.

This study aims to develop a computerized classification method for significant coronary artery stenosis on whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography (WHCMRA) images using a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) with attention mechanisms. The dataset included 951 segments from WHCMRA images of 75 patients who underwent both WHCMRA and invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Forty-two segments with significant stenosis (luminal diameter reduction 75%) on ICA were annotated on WHCMRA images by an experienced radiologist, whereas 909 segments without it were annotated at representative sites.

Metasurface absorber enhanced thermoelectric conversion.

Metasurfaces are artificial thin materials that achieve optical thickness through thin geometrical structure. This feature of metasurfaces results in unprecedented benefits for enhancing the performance of optoelectronic devices. In this study, we report that this metasurface feature is also essential to drive photo-thermoelectric conversion, which requires the accumulation of thermal energy and effective heat conduction.