Comparative outcomes of endovascular vs. surgical treatment in craniocervical junction dural arteriovenous fistulas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Craniocervical junction dural arteriovenous fistulas (CCJ-DAVFs) are rare and complex vascular malformations that are challenging to diagnose and treat. This study aims to compare surgical and endovascular treatments for CCJ-DAVFs through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.

Challenges in "probing spectroscopic probes" for noninvasive simultaneous disease diagnosis.

Noninvasive diagnosis of human diseases relies on the detection of molecular markers (probes) in a painless manner. Although extrinsic and intrinsic molecular markers are often used, intrinsic disease probes (molecular markers) are preferable because they are naturally present in our body, and deviation in their concentration from normal levels clearly indicates anomalies in human bodies, that is, diseases. In this study, we report noninvasive spectroscopic measurements of total haemoglobin (Hb), bilirubin, and the ratio of oxy- and deoxyhaemoglobin as disease markers for anaemia, jaundice, and oxygen deficiency, respectively, using a meticulously designed optical fibre probe.

Workforce Attrition Among Emergency Medicine Non-Physician Practitioners.

Study Objective: Non-physician practitioners, including nurse practitioners and physician assistants, increasingly practice in emergency departments, especially in rural areas, where they help mitigate physician shortages. However, little is known about non-physician practitioner durability and demographic trends in emergency departments. Our objective was to examine attrition rates and ages among non-physician practitioners in emergency medicine.

Photo-induced nitroxyl anion/HNO release from a nitrosyl complex of Mn(II)-porphyrinate.

A nitrosyl complex of Mn-porphyrinate, 1 has been synthesized and characterized. It was found to donate a nitroxyl anion (NO) to suitable acceptors in dichloromethane solution in the presence of visible light. The evolution of NO and the characteristic reaction with PPh in the presence of H confirms the NO/HNO donation.