Cuttlefish favour their current need to hide rather than their future need for food.

Episodic memory and future thinking are generally considered as two parts of the same mental time travelling system in vertebrates. Modern cephalopods, with their independent evolutionary lineage and their complex cognitive abilities, appear as promising species to determine whether these abilities have separate evolutionary histories or not. In our study, we tested future-planning abilities in a cephalopod species which has been shown to possess episodic-like memory abilities: the common cuttlefish.

Development and preliminary assessment of the iFIND TBR: all-in- one molecular diagnostic assay for rapid detection of and rifampicin resistance.

Introduction: Early and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is crucial for initiating timely treatment and preventing new infections. In this study, we introduced the iFIND TBR assay, an automated all-in-one tuberculosis detection approach that simultaneously detect (MTB) and rifampicin (RIF) resistance.

Methods: The limits of detection (LOD), sensitivity, specificity, and RIF-R rpoB mutation detection of the iFIND TBR were tested on Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA or sputum samples spiked with known numbers of M.

TAM-ing the beast with IL-34 blockade.

mutation triggers IL-34 secretion by cancer stem cells, reprogramming macrophages to suppress T cells and promote tumor immune escape.

Receipt of social services intervention in childhood, educational attainment and emergency hospital admissions: longitudinal analyses of national administrative health, social care, and education data in Wales, UK.

Background: Research consistently finds poorer health and educational outcomes for children who have experienced out-of-home care relative to the general population. Few studies have explored differences between those in care and those in receipt of intervention from social services but not in care. Children receiving social services interventions often experience Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), and deprivation, which are known to negatively impact outcomes.