On the horizon of aging and physical activity research.

This viewpoint is the result of a Horizon Round Table discussion of Exercise and Aging held during the 2017 Saltin International Graduate School in Exercise and Clinical Physiology in Gatineau, Quebec. This expert panel discussed key issues and approaches to future research into aging, across human physiological systems, current societal concerns, and funding approaches. Over the 60-min round table discussion, 3 major themes emerged that the panel considered to be "On the Horizon" of aging research.

In vitro evaluation of archaeosome vehicles for transdermal vaccine delivery.

Archaeosomes composed of archaeal total polar lipids (TPL) or semi-synthetic analog vesicles have been used as vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems in animal models for many years. Typically administered by intramuscular or subcutaneous injections, archaeosomes can induce robust, long-lasting humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against entrapped antigens and provide protection in murine models of infectious disease and cancer. Herein, we evaluated various archaeosomes for transdermal delivery, since this route may help eliminate needle-stick injuries and needle re-use, and therefore increase patient compliance.

ECHO Pain Curriculum: Balancing Mandated Continuing Education With the Needs of Rural Health Care Practitioners.

Chronic pain is a common problem in the United States. Health care professions training at the undergraduate and graduate levels in managing chronic pain is insufficient. The Chronic Pain and Headache Management TeleECHO Clinic (ECHO Pain) is a telehealth approach at Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes), which supports clinicians interested in improving their knowledge and confidence in treating patients with chronic pain and safe opioid management.

Evaluation of American Indian Health Service Training in Pain Management and Opioid Substance Use Disorder.

We examined the benefits of a collaboration between the Indian Health Service and an academic medical center to address the high rates of unintentional drug overdose in American Indians/Alaska Natives. In January 2015, the Indian Health Service became the first federal agency to mandate training in pain and opioid substance use disorder for all prescribing clinicians. More than 1300 Indian Health Service clinicians were trained in 7 possible 5-hour courses specific to pain and addiction.

Semaphorin3A elevates vascular permeability and contributes to cerebral ischemia-induced brain damage.

Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) increased significantly in mouse brain following cerebral ischemia. However, the role of Sema3A in stroke brain remains unknown. Our aim was to determine wether Sema3A functions as a vascular permeability factor and contributes to ischemic brain damage.