Neurologic and psycho-intellectual outcome related to structural brain imaging in adolescents and young adults after neonatal arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries.

Objective: We studied brain structure abnormalities in adolescents and young adults who had undergone the neonatal arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries and related them to the neurologic and psycho-intellectual outcomes.

Methods: In a prospective longitudinal study, 60 unselected adolescents and young adults who had undergone surgery with combined deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and low flow cardiopulmonary bypass were re-evaluated at a mean age of 16.9±1.

Long-term behavior and quality of life after corrective cardiac surgery in infancy for tetralogy of Fallot or ventricular septal defect.

The objective of this study was to evaluate behavior and quality of life in children after corrective cardiac surgery in infancy. Twenty cyanotic (tetralogy of Fallot) and 20 acyanotic children (ventricular septal defect), operated at a mean age of 0.7 years with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) and low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), were assessed at a mean age of 7.

The use of moderate hypothermia during cardiac surgery is associated with repression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha via inhibition of activating protein-1: an experimental study.

Introduction: The use of moderate hypothermia during experimental cardiac surgery is associated with decreased expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in myocardium and with myocardial protection. In order to identify the cellular mechanisms that lead to that repression, we investigated the effect of hypothermia during cardiac surgery on both main signalling pathways involved in systemic inflammation, namely the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and activating protein-1 pathways.

Method: Twelve female pigs were randomly subjected to standardized cardiopulmonary bypass with moderate hypothermia or normothermia (temperature 28 degrees C and 37 degrees C, respectively; six pigs in each group).

Long-term neurodevelopmental outcome and exercise capacity after corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot or ventricular septal defect in infancy.

Background: The purpose of this prospective study was to assess whether neurodevelopmental status and exercise capacity of children 5 to 10 years after corrective surgery for tetralogy of Fallot or ventricular septal defect in infancy was different compared with normal children and influenced by the preoperative condition of hypoxemia or cardiac insufficiency.

Methods: Forty unselected children, 20 with tetralogy of Fallot and hypoxemia and 20 with ventricular septal defect and cardiac insufficiency, operated on with combined deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and low flow cardiopulmonary bypass at a mean age of 0.7 +/- 0.

Long-term results of cardiac and general health status in children after neonatal arterial switch operation.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess cardiac and general health status 8 to 14 years after neonatal arterial switch operation for transposition of the great arteries.

Methods: Sixty unselected children with intact ventricular septum (78.3%) or ventricular septal defect (21.