Twisted oxygen-containing oligosilanes--unprecedented examples of sigma-n mixed conjugated systems.

Twisting the silicon backbone conformation in oxygen containing oligosilanes towards dihedral angles of 120-130 degrees either by intramolecular hydrogen bonding or incorporation into a covalently bonded ring system effectively extends the delocalization of electrons in these sigma-n mixed conjugated systems.

Chlorodifluoromethyl-substituted monosaccharide derivatives--radical activation of the carbon-chlorine-bond.

The dithionite-mediated addition of BrCF(2)Cl to 3,4-di-O-pivaloyl-D-xylal (1) generated preferably 1-CF(2)Cl-substituted products, that is, (2-bromo-2-deoxy-3,4-di-O-pivaloyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-chlorodifluoromethane and (2-deoxy-3,4-di-O-pivaloyl-beta-D-threo-pentopyranosyl)-chlorodifluoromethane. Selected chlorodifluoromethyl-substituted monosaccharide derivatives were hydrodechlorinated or alkylated at the CF(2)Cl-group using tin reagents under radical reaction conditions. Thus, hydrodechlorinations of (2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-alpha-L-galactopyranosyl)-chlorodifluoromethane and of methyl 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2-C-chlorodifluoromethyl-2,6-dideoxy-alpha/beta-L-glucopyranoside are reported using tri-n-butyltin hydride initiated by AIBN.

Fluorinated acyclo-C-nucleoside analogues from glycals in two steps.

A convenient two-step strategy is reported for the synthesis of fluorinated optically pure acyclo-C-nucleoside analogues starting from simple glycals. In the first step, benzyl- or p-methoxybenzyl-protected glycals are treated with trifluoroacetic anhydride, bromodifluoroacetyl chloride, trichloroacetyl chloride, and perfluorooctanoyl chloride, respectively, in the presence of Et3N. This one-pot procedure yields 1,2-unsaturated sugars (1,5-anhydro-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl (or p-methoxybenzyl) 2-deoxy-2-perhalogenoacyl-D-arabino / lyxo-hex-1-enitols 4-9) acylated at C-2.

Concentrated hydriodic acid in simultaneous deprotections of multifunctional inositols.

l-1-Deoxy-1-fluoro-6-O-methyl-myo-inositol was epimerized by chloral/DCC in boiling 1,2-dichloroethane yielding D-1-O-cyclohexylcarbamoyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-3-O-methyl-5,6-O-[(R/S)-2,2,2-trichloroethylidene]-chiro-inositol. The latter and l-4-O-benzyl-3-O-cyclohexylcarbamoyl-5-O-methyl-1,2-O-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)-muco-inositol, l-4-O-benzyl-3-O-cyclohexylcarbamoyl-1,2-O-ethylidene-5-O-methyl-muco-inositol, d-1-O-cyclohexylcarbamoyl-2-deoxy-5,6-O-ethylidene-2-fluoro-3-O-methyl-chiro-inositol, as well as D-5-O-benzyl-4-O-cyclohexylcarbamoyl-3-deoxy-3-(N,N'-dicyclohexylureido)-6-O-methyl-1,2-O-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)-chiro-inositol were deprotected with boiling 57% aq hydrogen iodide. Ether, urethane and ethylidene acetal functions were simultaneously cleaved by the reagent, whereas the trichloroethylidene groups were still intact or were only removed in small quantities.

Synthesis of 2,3- or 1,2-unsaturated derivatives of 2-deoxy-2-trifluoromethylhexopyranoses.

The attempted conversion, by treatment with CsF/TBFA in MeCN, of acetylated derivatives of 2-chlorodifluoromethyl-2-deoxyhexopyranoses into their corresponding 2-trifluoromethyl derivatives was always accompanied by an elimination reaction. Thus, representative educts with the D-gluco- and D-manno-configuration gave derivatives of 2,3-dideoxy-2-trifluoromethyl-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranose and 1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-2-trifluoromethyl-d-arabino-hex-1-enitol, respectively. X-ray analyses are given for 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-chlorodifluoromethyl-2-deoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranose and 4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-2-trifluoromethyl-alpha-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranose.