mHealth Engagement for Antiretroviral Medication Adherence Among People With HIV and Substance Use Disorders: Observational Study.

Background: Despite the increasing popularity of mobile health (mHealth) technologies, little is known about which types of mHealth system engagement might affect the maintenance of antiretroviral therapy among people with HIV and substance use disorders.

Objective: This study aimed to use longitudinal and detailed system logs and weekly survey data to test a mediation model, where mHealth engagement indicators were treated as predictors, substance use and confidence in HIV management were treated as joint mediators, and antiretroviral therapy adherence was treated as the outcome. We further distinguished the initiation and intensity of system engagement by mode (expression vs reception) and by communication levels (intraindividual vs dyadic vs network).

Mapping of functional erectogenic nerves on the rat prostate.

Background: Preservation of erectogenic nerves during radical prostatectomy (RP) is hampered by limited understanding of their precise localization, due to their complex, intertwined paths, and the inherent individual variations across patients. Because erection utilizes a subset of cavernous nerves (CNs) that in response to sexual stimuli reveal phosphorylation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) on its stimulatory site Ser-1412, we hypothesized that delineation of nerves containing phosphorylated (P)-nNOS on Ser-1412 would establish the location of functional erectogenic nerves within the periprostatic region.

Aim: To identify the distribution and quantity of functional erection-relevant ([P-nNOS]-containing) nerves in the periprostatic area and discriminate them among the CNs distribution.

(+)-Borneol inhibits neuroinflammation and M1 phenotype polarization of microglia in epileptogenesis through the TLR4-NFκB signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect of (+)-borneol on neuroinflammation and microglia phenotype polarization in epileptogenesis and its possible mechanism.

Methods: Based on mouse models of status epilepticus (SE) induced by pilocarpine, and treated with 15 mg/kg (+)-borneol, western-blot was used to detect the expressions of NeuN, Iba-1, TLR4, p65 and p-p65 in the hippocampus. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2.

Rhodium-catalyzed atropodivergent hydroamination of alkynes by leveraging two potential enantiodetermining steps.

A pair of enantiomers is known to have different biological activities. Two catalysts with opposite chirality are nearly always required to deliver both enantiomeric products. In this work, chiral rhodium(III) cyclopentadienyl complexes are repurposed as efficient catalysts for enantiodivergent and atroposelective hydroamination of sterically hindered alkynes.