14-3-3 binding maintains the Parkinson's associated kinase LRRK2 in an inactive state.

Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a central player in cellular signaling and a significant contributor to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. 14-3-3 proteins are essential regulators of LRRK2, modulating its activity. Here, we present the cryo- electron microscopy structure of the LRRK2:14-3-3 autoinhibitory complex, showing that a 14-3-3 dimer stabilizes an autoinhibited LRRK2 monomer by binding to key phosphorylation sites and the COR-A and COR-B subdomains within the Roc-COR GTPase domain of LRRK2.

Evolution of radionuclide transport and retardation processes in uplifting granitic rocks: Part 2 - Modelling coupled processes in uplift scenarios.

Uplifting fractured granitic rocks occur in substantial areas of countries such as Japan. Some of these areas might be considered when siting a deep geological repository for radioactive wastes. A repository site would be selected in such an area only if it is possible to make a safety case, accounting for the changing conditions during uplift.

Rising mortality among people who inject drugs living with HIV in Scotland, UK: A 20-year retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Our aim was to examine mortality trends in the era of antiretroviral therapy, among people who inject drugs (PWID) who are living with HIV. The study objectives were to assess and quantify mortality among PWID diagnosed with HIV over time in Scotland, in the context of a recent outbreak of HIV and rise in drug-related mortality.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of those diagnosed with HIV in Scotland between January 2000 and February 2020, with acquisition related to injecting drug use, linked to mortality data.

Evolution of radionuclide transport and retardation processes in uplifting granitic rocks: Part 1 - Key processes, conceptual models and scenario.

A safety case for an underground radioactive waste repository must show that groundwater will not in future transport radionuclides from the repository to the near-surface environment (the biosphere) in harmful quantities. Safety cases are developed step-wise throughout a programme to site and develop a repository. At early stages, before a site is selected, safety cases are generic and based on simplified safety assessment models of the disposal system that have conservative parameter values.