Inhibitors for metallo-β-lactamases from the B1 and B3 subgroups provide an avenue to combat a major mechanism of antibiotic resistance.

Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) are a group of Zn(II)-dependent enzymes that pose a major threat to global health. They are linked to an increasing number of multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens, but no clinically useful inhibitor is yet available. Since β-lactam antibiotics, which are inactivated by MBLs, constitute ∼65% of all antibiotics used to treat infections, the search for clinically relevant MBL inhibitors is urgent.

Optimization of an α-aminonaphthylmethylphosphonic acid inhibitor of purple acid phosphatase using rational structure-based design approaches.

Purple acid phosphatases (PAPs) are ubiquitous binuclear metallohydrolases that have been isolated from various animals, plants and some types of fungi. In humans and mice, elevated PAP activity in osteoclasts is associated with osteoporosis, making human PAP an attractive target for the development of anti-osteoporotic drugs. Based on previous studies focusing on phosphonate scaffolds, as well as a new crystal structure of a PAP in complex with a derivative of a previously synthesized α-aminonaphthylmethylphosphonic acid, phosphonates 24-40 were designed as new PAP inhibitor candidates.

Oculomotor nerve root split: incidental finding on MRI-case report and literature review.

Background: The oculomotor nerve (OMN) innervates the pupil, ciliary body, upper eyelid, and extraocular muscles through two divisions: a superior division that innervates the levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) and superior rectus (SR), and an inferior division that supplies the medial rectus (MR), inferior rectus (IR), inferior oblique (IO), and parasympathetic fibers to the pupil and ciliary body. We present a case of complete splitting of the cisternal segment of bilateral OMNs that was discovered incidentally on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a patient who had no ocular complaints.

Case Report: A 69-year-old patient was found to have bilateral splitting of the cisternal segments of OMNs during an MRI for trigeminal neuralgia workup.

Brain Abnormalities and Epilepsy in Patients with Parry-Romberg Syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by progressive hemifacial atrophy. Concomitant brain abnormalities have been reported, frequently resulting in epilepsy, but the frequency and spectrum of brain involvement are not well-established. This study aimed to characterize brain abnormalities in Parry-Romberg syndrome and their association with epilepsy.

Navigating the Parotid Glands: Anatomy, Imaging Work-up and Next Steps.

Evaluation of lesions affecting the parotid gland is often challenging to both clinicians and radiologists. This article reviews parotid anatomy and function, as it relates to various lesions that may occur within the gland. Key morphlogic features of lesions are discussed with an emphasis on those that warrant biopsy and those that do not need biopsy.