CO Cryo-sorption as a Surface-sensitive Spectroscopic Probe of the Active Site Density of Single-atom Catalysts.

Quantifying the number of active sites is a crucial aspect in the performance evaluation of single metal-atom electrocatalysts. A possible realization is using adsorbing gas molecules that selectively bind to the single-atom transition metal and then probing their surface density using spectroscopic tools. Herein, using in situ X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy, we detect adsorbed CO gas molecules on a FeNC oxygen reduction single atom catalyst.

Room Temperature Hydrogen Atom Scattering Experiments Are Not a Sufficient Benchmark to Validate Electronic Friction Theory.

In the dynamics of atoms and molecules at metal surfaces, electron-hole pair excitations can play a crucial role. In the case of hyperthermal hydrogen atom scattering, they lead to nonadiabatic energy loss and highly inelastic scattering. Molecular dynamics with electronic friction simulation results, based on an isotropic homogeneous electron gas approximation, have previously aligned well with measured kinetic energy loss distributions, indicating that this level of theoretical description is sufficient to describe nonadiabatic effects during scattering.

Dupilumab Treatment for Aspirin-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease in a Real-World Setting: Impact on Quality of Life and Healthcare Utilization.

Background: Patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) have difficult-to-treat asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and often require treatment with biologic therapy for asthma or CRSwNP. Healthcare utilization in patients with AERD has not been well described since the advent of respiratory biologics.

Objective: To determine real-world healthcare utilization and quality of life among patients with AERD and to understand the impact of dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin 4 receptor, on patient-reported health outcomes and healthcare utilization.

Dupilumab rapidly improves eustachian tube dysfunction and otologic symptoms in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.

Patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) frequently experience symptoms consistent with eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD), which can substantially impair patient quality of life. We analyzed a cohort of 98 adult patients with AERD who participated in a longitudinal, survey-based study. By assessing data over 1 year, we established that, in patients with AERD, the ear/facial subdomain of the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) questionnaire could predict performance on the 7-item Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire, a validated instrument for the diagnosis of ETD.