The ENDOTRIAL study: a spontaneous, open-label, randomized, multicenter, crossover study on the efficacy of sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

Introduction: The three effective, commercially available drugs for the treatment of erectile dysfunction-sildenafil, vardenafil, and tadalafil-inhibit the same substrate, the erectolytic enzyme phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Although there are pharmacological differences between these three compounds, few comparative studies have been conducted to date.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil in a randomly assigned 8-week fixed regimen.

Six-month administration of 1% testosterone gel is able to restore erectile function in hypogonadal patients with erectile dysfunction.

Objective: The relationship between hypogonadism and erectile dysfunction (ED) has not been completely clarified. Data derived from studies evaluating the effect of testosterone (T) replacement therapy (TRT) on patients with ED have yield mixed results. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a 50 mg/day of 1% hydroalcoholic testosterone gel applied on non-scrotal skin for hypogonadal men with sexual dysfunction.

Psychobiologic correlates of the metabolic syndrome and associated sexual dysfunction.

Objectives: The association of low testosterone level and erectile dysfunction (ED) with metabolic syndrome (MS) is receiving increasing attention. The present study determined the psychobiologic characteristics of sexual dysfunction (SD) associated with MS (as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III criteria) in a series of 803 consecutive male outpatients.

Methods: Several hormonal, biochemical, and instrumental (penile Doppler ultrasound [PDU]) parameters were studied, along with general psychopathology scores (Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire modified [MHQ]).

Association of hypogonadism and type II diabetes in men attending an outpatient erectile dysfunction clinic.

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were more often hypogonadal than normal fasting glucose subjects. The aim of this investigation is the assessment of characteristics and psychobiological correlates of DM associated with hypogonadism (DMAH). The Structured Interview SIEDY was used along with several biochemical, psychological and instrumental investigations in a series of more than 1200 patients with erectile dysfunction (ED); 16% of whom with type II DM.

Psychobiological correlates of smoking in patients with erectile dysfunction.

Although it is clear that cigarette abuse is closely linked to sexual dysfunction, it is still unclear which are the psychobiological correlates of smoking among individuals with sexual dysfunction. The aim of the present study is the assessment of the organic, psychogenic and relational correlates of erectile dysfunction (ED) in outpatients with different smoking habits. We studied the psychobiological correlates of smoking behaviour in a consecutive series of 1150 male patients, seeking medical care for ED.