A specific gene expression program underlies antigen archiving by lymphatic endothelial cells in mammalian lymph nodes.

Lymph node (LN) lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC) actively acquire and archive foreign antigens. Here, we address questions of how LECs achieve durable antigen archiving and whether LECs with high levels of antigen express unique transcriptional programs. We used single cell sequencing in dissociated LN tissue and spatial transcriptomics to quantify antigen levels in LEC subsets and dendritic cell populations at multiple time points after immunization and determined that ceiling and floor LECs archive antigen for the longest duration.

Neurophobia amongst medical students: Hype or reality.

Introduction: 'Neurophobia' is a well reported phenomenon in the literature where in medical students and junior doctors have an inherent nervousness or 'fear' of neurology and neurosurgery

Research Question: Why do less medical students choose neurology and neurosurgery as a career and identify if neurophobia is an ingrained belief or learned behaviour?

Materials And Methods: We developed a questionnaire to assess medical student views and beliefs in connection with a career in neurosurgery. Specifically we examined the following domains: considering a career in neurology and neurosurgery, confidence with neuro anatomy and pathology, traits associated with neurosurgeons and neurologists and finally, their perceived barriers to a neuro career.

Results: 264 medical students completed the survey.

Bone marrow microenvironment signatures associate with patient survival after guadecitabine and atezolizumab therapy in HMA-resistant MDS.

Almost 50% of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are refractory to first-line hypomethylating agents (HMAs), which presents a significant clinical challenge considering the lack of options for salvage. Past work revealed that immune checkpoint molecules on peripheral myeloblasts and immune cells are up-regulated after HMA treatment. Therefore, we conducted a Phase I/II clinical trial combining guadecitabine (an HMA) and atezolizumab (an immune checkpoint inhibitor) to treat HMA-relapsed or refractory (HMA-R/R) MDS patients.

Pain Management during Bromelain-Based Enzymatic Debridement (NexoBrid) in a USA Adult Burn Center.

Outside the United States, bromelain-based enzymatic debridement (BBED) has become an effective tool for the removal of burn eschar. A primary concern with BBED is that it is a painful procedure requiring appropriate analgesia. The purpose of this study was to describe our experience using NexoBrid (NXB), with a particular focus on pain management.

Changes in facial soft tissue support with and without a maxillary labial flange.

Purpose: To quantify facial esthetic outcomes of prosthetic upper lip support in both full animation and repose for patients with an existing implant-supported fixed complete dental prosthesis (ISFCDP).

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients had a removable prosthetic labial flange fabricated for their existing maxillary prosthesis. The 3dMDface system was used to capture video sets of each patient going from repose to high smile with and without the labial flange.