In situ Monitoring of Photocatalysis on Polymeric Carbon Nitride Thin Films.

Polymeric carbon nitride has attracted significant interest in heterogeneous photocatalysis due to its activity under visible-light irradiation. Herein, we report on using carbon nitride-coated NMR tubes for in situ studies of photocatalytic reaction mechanisms. In a first step, we exploited carbon nitride-coated crimp vials as batch photoreactors for visible photocatalytic fluorinations of unactivated C(sp)-H bonds, with moderate to excellent yields and reusability over multiple cycles.

Novel EBT3 film calibration using an integrated HSV color space analysis.

Purpose: Radiochromic EBT3 films are commonly used as dosimeter for clinical practice and research on radiotherapy. In principle, they are associated with a flatbed scanner to determine the optical density change, which can be correlated to the absorbed dose after calibration. Several approaches have been proposed to reduce the uncertainties during acquisition and to compensate the lighting inhomogeneities, thus improving the dose measurement.

Enhancing the Reactivity of an Aromatic cyclo-P Ligand via Electrophilic Activation.

Electrophilic activation of the aromatic cyclo-P ligand in [Cp*Fe(η-P)] is demonstrated to drastically enhance its reactivity towards weak nucleophiles. Unprecedented functionalized, contracted as well as complexly aggregated polyphosphorus compounds are accessed utilizing [Cp*Fe(η-PMe)][OTf] (A), highlighting the great potential of this underexplored mode of reactivity. Addition of carbenes to A affords novel 1,2- or 1,1-difunctionalized cyclo-P complexes [Cp*Fe(η-P(1-L)(2-Me)][OTf] (L=IDipp (1), CAAC (2), IPr (3 b)) and [Cp*Fe(η-P(1-IPr)(1-Me)][OTf] (3 a).

IncC plasmid genome rearrangements influence the vertical and horizontal transmission tradeoff in .

It has been shown that an evolutionary tradeoff between vertical (host growth rate) and horizontal (plasmid conjugation) transmissions contributes to global plasmid fitness. As conjugative IncC plasmids are important for the spread of multidrug resistance (MDR), in a broad range of bacterial hosts, we investigated vertical and horizontal transmissions of two multidrug-resistant IncC plasmids according to their backbones and MDR-region rearrangements, upon plasmid entry into a new host. We observed plasmid genome deletions after conjugation in three diverse natural clinical strains, varying from null to high number depending on the plasmid, all occurring in the MDR region.

Deep learning applied to dose prediction in external radiation therapy: A narrative review.

Over the last decades, the use of artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning in medical fields has skyrocketed. Well known for their results in segmentation, motion management and posttreatment outcome tasks, investigations of machine learning and deep learning models as fast dose calculation or quality assurance tools have been present since 2000. The main motivation for this increasing research and interest in artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning is the enhancement of treatment workflows, specifically dosimetry and quality assurance accuracy and time points, which remain important time-consuming aspects of clinical patient management.