Role of parathyroid hormone-related protein in tubulointerstitial apoptosis and fibrosis after folic acid-induced nephrotoxicity.

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is shortly upregulated in acute renal injury, but its pathophysiologic role is unclear. Investigated was whether PTHrP might act as a profibrogenic factor in mice that do or do not overexpress PTHrP in the proximal tubule after folic acid (FA) nephrotoxicity, a model of acute renal damage followed by partial regeneration and patchy tubulointerstitial fibrosis. It was found that constitutive PTHrP overexpression in these animals conveyed a significant increase in tubulointerstitial fibrosis, associated with both fibroblast activation (as alpha-smooth muscle actin staining) and macrophage influx, compared with control littermates at 2 to 3 wk after FA damage.

Role of the renin-angiotensin system on the parathyroid hormone-related protein overexpression induced by nephrotoxic acute renal failure in the rat.

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), a mitogenic factor for renal cells, is overexpressed in acute renal failure (ARF). Recent data support an association between PTHrP and the renin-angiotensin system in the damaged kidney. The effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) inhibitors (quinapril, enalapril, and/or losartan) on PTHrP and the PTH1 receptor (PTH1R) expression in rats with either folic acid (FA)- or gentamicin-induced ARF were analyzed.

[Can we increase phosphate removal with conventional hemodialysis?].

Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of different dialysate buffer and glucose concentrations, membrane surface (S) bigger than 2 m2 and increased dialysate flow (Qd) in phosphate (P) removal.

Methods: A. First phase (5 patients): the following variations in dialysate composition were introduced.

[Experience with sevelamer in peritoneal dialysis].

Background: Sevelamer is a non-absorbable phosphorus chelator that is not a source of aluminium, calcium or base. The clinical experience with sevelamer in peritoneal dialysis and in daily clinical practice is scarce. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of therapy of hyperphosphoremia with sevelamer on serum phosphorus and phosphorus chelators requirements, in a peritoneal dialysis clinical practice.

[Peritoneal equilibrium test with hypertonic exchange: practical application in a peritoneal dialysis program].

Peritoneal equilibration test (PET) employing a 2.27%/2.5% glucose exchange is the most widely used method of to evaluating peritoneal function and small solute transport.