Prevalence of gestational diabetes in the United States and Canada: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: An understanding of the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women is essential at local, national and international level so that appropriate health care interventions can be planned, financed and delivered.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of primary research reporting the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Canada or the United States were carried out according to Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines. Four electronic databases were systematically searched in June 2023 to identify articles that reported gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence using universal screening in pregnant women from eligible general population samples.

Machine learning and topological data analysis identify unique features of human papillae in 3D scans.

The tongue surface houses a range of papillae that are integral to the mechanics and chemistry of taste and textural sensation. Although gustatory function of papillae is well investigated, the uniqueness of papillae within and across individuals remains elusive. Here, we present the first machine learning framework on 3D microscopic scans of human papillae ([Formula: see text]), uncovering the uniqueness of geometric and topological features of papillae.

Influence of the Chemical Composition of Ceria Conversion Coatings, Sealed in Solution of NaHPO and Ca(NO), on the Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum.

The corrosion-protective influence of eco-friendly ceria conversion coatings deposited on Al-1050 alloy, additionally treated in mixed NaHPO and Ca(NO) solution, was studied. The main aim of this work was to investigate how the obtained mixed systems of coatings eliminates the negative role of cracks and pores on the surface formed after deposition only of ceria coating. For this purpose, the growth structure, main components and corrosion resistance of the so formed protective systems were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, XPS and electrochemical (PDP, Rp, etc.

Human motoneuron firing behavior and single motor unit F-wave.

In motor control studies, the F-wave (a recurrent discharge evoked by an axonal antidromic volley) widely used for obtaining information on motoneuron pool behavior. However, such F-wave using is a matter of discussion and still has been not validated experimentally. The aim of the present study was investigation of F-wave properties of single firing motor units (MUs) in healthy humans, the properties, which could give evidence for F-wave origin in motoneuron soma and, therefore, could be used for estimation of a relation between MU firing and motoneuron firing behavior.

The response to professor K.S. Tűrker on his "an opinion on the 'delayed spikes' in human motoneurons".

This is the response to Prof. Tűrker on his note "challenging" our hypothesis assuming the possibility of two modes of spiking (direct and delayed) evoked by Ia-afferent electrical stimulation in human firing motoneurones. Besides, we touch on some common questions about the most relevant, functionally significant, estimations of motoneuronal firing behaviour in human motor control.