Publications by authors named "R Lohmann"
Background: Dysfunction of the skin barrier is regarded as a key event in the initiation and progression of inflammatory skin diseases. In many cases of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), epidermal-resident memory CD8 T (T) cells play a central role in the immune response to contact allergens. However, if and how allergen-specific CD8 T cells affect the expression of skin barrier molecules is not known.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerspective: Dimensions of Environment and Health in Arctic Communities.
Environ Health (Wash)
January 2024
Article Synopsis
- - The Arctic faces a complex relationship between environment and health, highlighting the impact of long-lived contaminants in traditional foods and the negative health effects from the shift to processed diets among Indigenous communities.
- - Climate change poses significant threats, not only to traditional food availability and the emergence of diseases but also to infrastructure and housing, emphasizing the need for well-planned living spaces.
- - Indigenous communities continue to experience marginalization and disregard for their rights and practices, particularly in the context of green energy transitions, which necessitates an interdisciplinary approach for improving health and environmental outcomes in the region.
Finding non-fluorinated alternatives to fluorinated gases used as refrigerants.
Environ Sci Process Impacts
November 2024
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and so-called hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs) are used as refrigerants in air conditioning, refrigeration, chillers, heat pumps and devices for dehumidification and drying. However, many HFCs, including R-134a and R-125, have a high global warming potential and some of the HFCs and HFOs degrade atmospherically and form trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as a persistent degradation product. Rising levels of TFA around the globe reveal an urgent need to replace fluorinated refrigerants with non-fluorinated working fluids to avoid direct emissions due to leakage, incorrect loading or removal.
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- Rubber accelerators like TETD and ZDEC, used in rubber vulcanization, can cause allergic reactions and may trigger cross-reactivity between each other.
- A study on mice showed that sensitization and subsequent exposure to either TETD or ZDEC resulted in increased skin irritation and immune cell proliferation.
- The findings indicate that individuals allergic to one compound may react to the other, suggesting such patients should avoid both substances to prevent allergic responses.
This cross-cutting review focuses on the presence and impacts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the Arctic. Several PFAS undergo long-range transport via atmospheric (volatile polyfluorinated compounds) and oceanic pathways (perfluorinated alkyl acids, PFAAs), causing widespread contamination of the Arctic. Beyond targeting a few well-known PFAS, applying sum parameters, suspect and non-targeted screening are promising approaches to elucidate predominant sources, transport, and pathways of PFAS in the Arctic environment, wildlife, and humans, and establish their time-trends.
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