Publications by authors named "R Lenroot"
Using the Cascade of Care framework, we explored the demographic and clinical characteristics of students at six stages in an early psychosis detection program at a college counseling center, with a focus on the transition between stages with the highest disengagement. We detailed and compared the demographic and clinical characteristics of those who (1) completed the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B, N = 1588); (2) met the PQ-B cutoff score (n = 486); (3) were referred for secondary phone screening (n = 404); (4) completed secondary phone screening (n = 198); (5) completed a Coordinated Specialty Care (CSC) eligibility assessment (n = 51); and (6) were enrolled in CSC (n = 21). Education level and gender identity were associated with engagement at multiple stages of the early detection cascade.
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- Previous research has indicated that the innate immune system, particularly through Toll-like receptors (TLRs), may play a role in schizophrenia (SZ), with TLRs reacting to pathogens like bacteria and viruses.
- A study comparing TLR levels in white blood cells of 86 SZ patients and 77 healthy controls found higher TLR4 and TLR8 levels and lower TLR3 levels in those with SZ, suggesting enhanced immune activation.
- The study also revealed a link between TLR levels and the thickness of the cingulate gyrus, implying that bacterial influences might be more significant than viral ones in SZ, contributing to changes in brain structure.
Article Synopsis
- * Conducted as a randomized, double-blind trial, 27 patients received either canakinumab or a placebo, with measures taken on inflammation markers and symptom severity over 8 weeks.
- * Results showed significant reductions in hsCRP (an inflammation marker) only in the canakinumab group, indicating potential benefits for symptom severity and inflammation in these patients.
Article Synopsis
- Autism shows a wide variation in physical and brain structure characteristics, with previous brain imaging studies on certain brain regions in autism yielding conflicting results.
- Researchers analyzed a large dataset of MRI scans to explore differences in the thalamus, globus pallidus, and striatum related to factors like sex, age, and IQ.
- They found no overall size differences in these brain regions but identified localized shape variations that change with age, suggesting that the neurodevelopment of these areas is atypical in autism and varies significantly throughout a person's life.