Derivation of new diagnostic reference levels for neuro-paediatric computed tomography examinations in Switzerland.

Purpose: Definition of new national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for volume computed tomography dose index (CTDI) and dose length product (DLP) for neuro-paediatric CT examinations depending on the medical indication.

Methods: Paediatric cranial CT data sets acquired between January 2013 and December 2016 were retrospectively collected between July 2016 and March 2017 from eight of the largest university and cantonal hospitals that perform most of the neuro-paediatric CTs in Switzerland. A consensus review of CTDI and DLP was undertaken for three defined anatomical regions: brain, facial bone, and petrous bone, each with and without contrast medium application.

EXPOSURE OF THE SWISS POPULATION BY RADIODIAGNOSTICS: 2013 REVIEW.

In 2013, a nationwide investigation was conducted in Switzerland to establish the population's exposure from medical X rays. A hybrid approach was used combining the Raddose database accessible on-line by the participating practices and the Swiss medical tariffication system for hospitals. This study revealed that the average annual number of examinations is 1.

Exploring the use of the Swiss medical tariffication codes (TARMED) in the establishment of the frequency of radiodiagnostic examinations.

In population surveys of the exposure to medical X-rays both the frequency of examinations and the effective dose per examination are required. The use of the Swiss medical tariffication system (TARMED) for establishing the frequency of X-ray medical examinations was explored. The method was tested for radiography examinations performed in 2008 at the Lausanne University Hospital.

Cerebrovascular complications of L-asparaginase therapy in children with leukemia: aphasia and other neuropsychological deficits.

Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), treated with L-asparaginase are at risk for cerebral thrombosis or hemorrhage because of coagulation protein deficiencies. The results and the importance of serial neuropsychological examinations after such complications in three children with ALL are presented. All patients showed marked aphasia and other cognitive deficits.

Splitting of the ego, as the central phenomenon in neurosis. Ritske le Coultre. 1966.

The phenomenon of a split in the ego is not confined to fetishism, but is central to all neuroses. The author demonstrates this with regard to several specific neurotic types. He then goes on to show that the attempt to establish an absolute distinction between ego and id postulates an artificial split between--in fact--mutually interdependent parts.