The Evolution of World-Class Endurance Training: The Scientist's View on Current and Future Trends.

Background: Elite sport is continuously evolving. World records keep falling and athletes from a longer list of countries are involved.

Purpose: This commentary was designed to provide insights into present and future trends associated with world-class endurance training based on the perspectives, experience, and knowledge of an expert panel of 25 applied sport scientists.

"Living High-Training Low" for Olympic Medal Performance: What Have We Learned 25 Years After Implementation?

Background: Altitude training is often regarded as an indispensable tool for the success of elite endurance athletes. Historically, altitude training emerged as a key strategy to prepare for the 1968 Olympics, held at 2300 m in Mexico City, and was limited to the "Live High-Train High" method for endurance athletes aiming for performance gains through improved oxygen transport. This "classical" intervention was modified in 1997 by the "Live High-Train Low" (LHTL) model wherein athletes supplemented acclimatization to chronic hypoxia with high-intensity training at low altitude.

Comparable Outcomes Between Native and Periprosthetic Fractures of the Distal Femur.

Despite the rising prevalence of arthroplasty and aging population, limited data exist regarding differences in periprosthetic fracture clinical outcomes compared with native counterparts. This study compares differences in hospital treatment, morbidity, and mortality associated with periprosthetic distal femur fractures at an urban level 1 trauma center. We retrospectively reviewed all adult AO/OTA type 33 fractures (526) that presented to our institution between 2009 and 2018.