Assessing Verbal Eyewitness Confidence Statements Using Natural Language Processing.

After an eyewitness completes a lineup, officers are advised to ask witnesses how confident they are in their identification. Although researchers in the lab typically study eyewitness confidence numerically, confidence in the field is primarily gathered verbally. In the current study, we used a natural language-processing approach to develop an automated model to classify verbal eyewitness confidence statements.

Differential mechanisms underlie trace and delay conditioning in Drosophila.

Two forms of associative learning-delay conditioning and trace conditioning-have been widely investigated in humans and higher-order mammals. In delay conditioning, an unconditioned stimulus (for example, an electric shock) is introduced in the final moments of a conditioned stimulus (for example, a tone), with both ending at the same time. In trace conditioning, a 'trace' interval separates the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus.

Valence opponency in peripheral olfactory processing.

A hallmark of complex sensory systems is the organization of neurons into functionally meaningful maps, which allow for comparison and contrast of parallel inputs via lateral inhibition. However, it is unclear whether such a map exists in olfaction. Here, we address this question by determining the organizing principle underlying the stereotyped pairing of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in sensory hairs, wherein compartmentalized neurons inhibit each other via ephaptic coupling.