Dopamine receptors D1, D2, and D4 modulate electrical synapses and excitability in the thalamic reticular nucleus.

The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) is a thin shell of gap junction coupled GABAergic inhibitory neurons that regulate afferent sensory relay of the thalamus. The TRN receives dopaminergic innervation from the midbrain, and it is known to express high concentrations of D1 and D4 receptors. Although dopaminergic modulation of presynaptic inputs to TRN has been described, the direct effect of dopamine on TRN neurons and its electrical synapses is largely unknown.

Sialylation inhibition improves macrophage mediated tumor cell phagocytosis of breast cancer cells triggered by therapeutic antibodies of different isotypes.

Tumor cell phagocytosis by macrophages is considered a relevant mechanism of action for many therapeutic IgG antibodies. However, tumor cells employ several mechanisms to evade immune recognition, including hypersialylation. Here, we describe how reduction of sialic acid exposure on tumor cells promotes antibody-dependent tumor cell phagocytosis (ADCP) by macrophages.

Reconciling Santa Rosalia: Both Reproductive Isolation and Coexistence Constrain Diversification.

AbstractUnderstanding patterns of diversification necessarily requires accounting for both the generation and the persistence of species. Formal models of speciation genetics, however, focus on the generation of new species without explicitly considering the maintenance of biodiversity (e.g.

"The peace that I wanted, I got": Qualitative insights from patient experiences of SMART DAPPER interventions for major depression and traumatic stress disorders in Kenya.

SMART DAPPER is an implementation science study responding to mental health treatment gaps for depression and trauma-related disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We report on patient experiences in a study using a Sequential, Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) design to test first and second line non-specialist treatment using psychotherapy (Interpersonal Psychotherapy [IPT] or medication (fluoxetine [FLX]), integrated within public sector primary care in western Kenya. An embedded qualitative study conducted in-depth interviews (n = 17) and three (n = 3) focus group discussions with participants (May to October 2021).