Hypertensive encephalopathy: findings on CT, MR imaging, and SPECT imaging in 14 cases.

Hypertensive encephalopathy is a syndrome consisting of headache, seizures, visual changes, and other neurologic disturbances in patients with elevated systemic blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to analyze the imaging findings in 14 patients with hypertensive encephalopathy. CT (n = 13), MR (n = 12), and single-photon emission computed tomography (n = 2) examinations performed in these patients before and after resolution of symptoms were reviewed.

Detection of internal carotid artery stenosis: comparison of MR angiography, color Doppler sonography, and arteriography.

Findings of two-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance (MR) angiography projection angiograms were prospectively compared with those of color Doppler sonography by using angiography as a standard in 23 consecutive patients (42 carotid bifurcations) to evaluate their utility in determining the presence of carotid artery stenosis. MR angiography helped detect 50% or greater lumen diameter stenosis (sensitivity, 0.96; specificity, 0.

Extracranial carotid arteries: evaluation with "black blood" MR angiography.

The authors evaluated the accuracy of "black blood" magnetic resonance (MR) angiography for depicting disease involving the extracranial carotid arteries. Two- and three-dimensional flow-compensated gradient-echo sequences were employed to create "bright blood" images. A thin-section spin-echo sequence with flow presaturation allowed the creation of black blood images.

Diffuse uptake of osteotropic radionuclide in the breast secondary to superior vena caval obstruction.

Osteotropic radionuclide uptake in breast tissue has been described in a variety of benign and malignant lesions. The authors present a case of diffuse unilateral breast uptake secondary to neoplastic obstruction of the right brachiocephalic vein and superior vena cava. Following radiotherapy, the vascular obstruction resolved and the breast uptake was no longer observed.