Testing an integrated approach for managing roof rats in citrus orchards.

Background: Roof rats (Rattus rattus) are a substantial pest throughout citrus crops, yet little is known about efficacious, cost-effective strategies to manage this rodent. Therefore, we developed two integrated pest management (IPM) programs that incorporated elevated bait stations containing diphacinone-treated oats and trapping, and we compared those programs to a bait-station only approach to determine which strategies were most practical for the management of roof rats in citrus orchards.

Results: Bait applications substantially reduced rat activity within orchards.

Unpacking conservation easements' assessed land use designations and their implications for realizing biodiversity protection.

Native ecosystem and biodiversity loss from land use conversion into human-modified landscapes are evident in the United States and globally. In addition to public land conservation, there is an increase in private land conservation through conservation easements (CEs) across exurban landscapes. Not every CE was established strictly for biodiversity protection and permitted land uses can increase human modification.

Repair Fails More Frequently Than Reconstruction in Acute Posterolateral Corner Knee Injuries: A Systematic Review of Outcomes Following Surgical Management.

Purpose: To synthesize the current literature on posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction and repair, focusing on a comparison of surgical techniques and outcomes based on injury chronicity in the setting of sports-related ligament tears.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature, including queries of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, was performed in March 2024. Studies were included if they were of Level IV evidence or greater, reported PLC reconstruction or repair outcomes, and had a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Differences in ambulance attendances between children with and without an identified history of out-of-home-care.

Background: Children in out-of-home-care (OOHC) are a vulnerable population, typically with complex needs, however there is minimal research examining the behavioural presentations that lead to the increased use of acute emergency care by OOHC children.

Objective: This study aimed to describe differences in lifetime complexity factors identified during ambulance attendances between children with and without an identified history of OOHC. Further, this study aimed to describe whether having an identified history of being in OOHC was associated with increased utilisation of emergency care resources and increased likelihood of multiple ambulance attendances.