A novel multiple sex chromosome system in Orthoptera, found in the tree cricket Oecanthus rubromaculatus Zefa, 2022 (Grylloidea, Oecanthidae).

The X0♂/XX♀ sex chromosome system prevails in most Orthopteran species. The X chromosome stands as one of the largest chromosomes within the complement, and is characterized by its heterochromatic nature. Variations of this model were found in some species of grasshoppers, crickets, and katydids, based on X/autosome rearrangements, giving rise to new sex chromosome systems, such as neo-XY♂/XX♀ and neo-X1X2Y♂/X1X1X2X2♀.

Insights into avian molecular cytogenetics-with reptilian comparisons.

In last 100 years or so, much information has been accumulated on avian karyology, genetics, physiology, biochemistry and evolution. The chicken genome project generated genomic resources used in comparative studies, elucidating fundamental evolutionary processes, much of it funded by the economic importance of domestic fowl (which are also excellent model species in many areas). Studying karyotypes and whole genome sequences revealed population processes, evolutionary biology, and genome function, uncovering the role of repetitive sequences, transposable elements and gene family expansion.

Accessing Homo- and Heterobimetallic Complexes with a Dianionic Pentadentate Ligand.

The tetrapyrazolylpyridyl diborate (BPzPy) ligand provides a suitable platform for the isolation of heterobimetallic main-group element compounds as well as homotetrametallic copper complexes. The heterobimetallic tin(II)-lithium(I) () and tin(II)-thallium(I) () complexes have been synthesized, isolated, and fully characterized including single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. When reacted with copper(I) sources, complex grants access to a homotetrametallic copper(I) complex ().

Satellitome analysis on the pale-breasted thrush Turdus leucomelas (Passeriformes; Turdidae) uncovers the putative co-evolution of sex chromosomes and satellite DNAs.

Do all birds' sex chromosomes follow the same canonical one-way direction of evolution? We combined cytogenetic and genomic approaches to analyze the process of the W chromosomal differentiation in two selected Passeriform species, named the Pale-breasted Thrush Turdus leucomelas and the Rufous-bellied thrush T. rufiventris. We characterized the full catalog of satellite DNAs (satellitome) of T.